Introduction
Researchers at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Rourkela have developed an innovative wastewater treatment system designed to tackle persistent dyes and pollutants in industrial wastewater. This breakthrough technology offers a cost-effective and sustainable solution to a long-standing environmental challenge.
The Challenge of Persistent Dyes
Industrial wastewater, particularly from textile and dye manufacturing industries, often contains persistent dyes like Bismarck Brown R, which are small enough to pass through conventional microfiltration membranes. These dyes pose significant environmental and health risks due to their intense colour and potential carcinogenic properties.
The Innovative Solution
The research team at NIT Rourkela, led by Professor Sujit Sen, developed a hybrid system combining nanocomposite-based ceramic membranes with microbubble technology. This system efficiently removes dyes and pollutants, achieving 95.4% decolourization of Bismarck Brown R and 94% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in just 90 minutes.
How It Works
The ceramic membrane is coated with an industrial-waste-derived zeolite and zinc oxide nanocomposite, which acts as a photocatalyst under visible light. The microbubbles generated via a simple air diffuser enhance mass transfer and improve the breakdown process. This hybrid system is less prone to fouling and can be easily regenerated through backflushing, minimizing the need for chemical cleaning.
Environmental and Industrial Impact
The new wastewater treatment system offers a more efficient and cost-effective alternative to conventional oxidation methods, which often rely on expensive chemicals and complex equipment. It can be integrated into existing treatment plants, enhancing their capability to treat dye-laden wastewater. The technology is particularly beneficial for industries such as textile manufacturing, chemical, steel, petrochemical, and pharmaceuticals.
Future Prospects
The research team is actively working on scaling up this technology for broader application, aiming to improve industrial wastewater treatment while maintaining environmental sustainability. The system's potential applications are vast, and it could significantly reduce water pollution in major rivers like the Yamuna and Ganga.
Conclusion
NIT Rourkela's innovative wastewater treatment system represents a significant advancement in environmental engineering. By efficiently removing persistent dyes and pollutants, this technology offers a sustainable solution for industrial wastewater, contributing to a cleaner and healthier environment.
